Database development and uncertainty treatment for estimating pipe failure rates and rupture frequencies [An article from: Reliability Engineering and System Safety]

Database development and uncertainty treatment for estimating pipe failure rates and rupture frequencies [An article from: Reliability Engineering and System Safety]
This digital document is a journal article from Reliability Engineering and System Safety, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Estimates of failure rates for nuclear power plant piping systems are important inputs to Probabilistic Risk Assessments (PRA) and risk informed applications of PRA. Such estimates are needed for initiating event frequencies for Loss of Coolant Accidents and internal flooding events and for risk informed evaluations of piping system in-service inspection programs. A critical issue in the estimation of these parameters is the treatment of uncertainties, which can exceed an order of magnitude deviation from failure rate point estimates. Sources of uncertainty include failure data reporting issues, scarcity of data, poorly characterized component populations, and uncertainties about the physical characteristics of the failure mechanisms and root causes. A methodology for quantifying these uncertainties using a Bayes’ uncertainty analysis method was developed for the EPRI risk informed in-service inspection program and significantly enhanced in subsequent applications. In parallel with these efforts, progress has been made in the development of pipe failure databases that contain the quantity and quality of information needed to support piping system reliability evaluations. Examples are used in this paper to identify technical issues with previous published estimates of pipe failure rates and the numerical impacts of these issues on the pipe failure rates and rupture frequencies are quantified.

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Analytic quantification of the bleaching effect of a 4-hydroxyanisole-tretinoin combination on actinic lentigines.(ORIGINAL ARTICLES)(Report): An article from: Journal of Drugs in Dermatology

This digital document is an article from Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, published by Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, Inc. on September 1, 2008. The length of the article is 3684 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Analytic quantification of the bleaching effect of a 4-hydroxyanisole-tretinoin combination on actinic lentigines.(ORIGINAL ARTICLES)(Report)
Author: Claudine Pierard-Franchimont
Publication: Journal of Drugs in Dermatology (Magazine/Journal)
Date: September 1, 2008
Publisher: Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, Inc.
Volume: 7 Issue: 9 Page: 873(6)

Article Type: Report

Distributed by Gale, a part of Cengage Learning

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Effect of the cationic composition of sorption solution on the quantification of sorption-desorption parameters of heavy metals in soils [An article from: Environmental Pollution]

Effect of the cationic composition of sorption solution on the quantification of sorption-desorption parameters of heavy metals in soils [An article from: Environmental Pollution]
This digital document is a journal article from Environmental Pollution, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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We obtained the sorption isotherms of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in clay, clay saline and organic soils. The distribution coefficients (K”d) were determined in 0.02eql^-^1 CaCl”2 and in a solution that simulated the soil solution cationic composition. The K”d values greatly varied with the composition of the sorption solution and the initial metal concentration. The sorption experiments were complemented with the quantification of the extractable metal, to estimate the reversibility of metal sorption. The extraction yields depended on the metal-soil combination, and the initial metal concentration, showing no correlation with previous K”d values. The effect of the solution composition in mobility predictions was estimated through a Retention Factor, defined as the ratio of the K”d versus the extraction yield. Results showed that risk was over- or underestimated using the CaCl”2 medium in soils with a markedly different soil solution composition.

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Stochastic Systems: Uncertainty Quantification and Propagation (Springer Series in Reliability Engineering)

Stochastic Systems: Uncertainty Quantification and Propagation (Springer Series in Reliability Engineering)
Uncertainty is an inherent feature of both properties of physical systems and the inputs to these systems that needs to be quantified for cost effective and reliable designs. The states of these systems satisfy equations with random entries, referred to as stochastic equations, so that they are random functions of time and/or space. The solution of stochastic equations poses notable technical difficulties that are frequently circumvented by heuristic assumptions at the expense of accuracy and rigor. The main objective of Stochastic Systems is to promoting the development of accurate and efficient methods for solving stochastic equations and to foster interactions between engineers, scientists, and mathematicians. To achieve these objectives Stochastic Systems presents:          A clear and brief review of essential concepts on probability theory, random functions, stochastic calculus, Monte Carlo simulation, and functional analysis             Probabilistic models for random variables and functions needed to formulate stochastic equations describing realistic problems in engineering and applied sciences             Practical methods for quantifying the uncertain parameters in the definition of stochastic equations, solving approximately these equations, and assessing the accuracy of approximate solutions   Stochastic Systems provides key information for researchers, graduate students, and engineers who are interested in the formulation and solution of stochastic problems encountered in a broad range of disciplines. Numerous examples are used to clarify and illustrate theoretical concepts and methods for solving stochastic equations. The extensive bibliography and index at the end of the book constitute an ideal resource for both theoreticians and practitioners.

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Storybuilder-A tool for the analysis of accident reports [An article from: Reliability Engineering and System Safety]

Storybuilder-A tool for the analysis of accident reports [An article from: Reliability Engineering and System Safety]
This digital document is a journal article from Reliability Engineering and System Safety, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
As part of an ongoing effort by the ministry of Social Affairs and Employment of The Netherlands a research project is being undertaken to construct a causal model for the most commonly occurring scenarios related to occupational risk. This model should provide quantitative insight in the causes and consequences of occupational accidents. The results should be used to help selecting optimal strategies to reduce these risks taking the costs of accidents and of measures into account. The research is undertaken by an international consortium under the name of Workgroup Occupational Risk Model. One of the components of the model is a tool to systematically classify and analyse past accidents. This tool: ”Storybuilder” and its place in the Occupational Risk Model (ORM) are described in the paper. The paper gives some illustrations of the application of the Storybuilder, drawn from the study of ladder accidents, which forms one of the biggest single accident categories in the Dutch data.

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Behavioral Investment Management: An Efficient Alternative to Modern Portfolio Theory

Behavioral Investment Management: An Efficient Alternative to Modern Portfolio Theory

The End of Modern Portfolio Theory

Behavioral Investment Management proves what many have been thinking since the global economic downturn: Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) is no longer a viable portfolio management strategy. Inherently flawed and based largely on ideology, MPT can not be relied upon in modern markets.

Behavioral Investment Management offers a new approach-one addresses certain realities that MPT ignores, including the fact that emotions play a major role in investing. The authors lay out new standards reflecting behavioral finance and dynamic asset allocation, then explain how to apply these standards to your current portfolio construction efforts. They explain how to move away from the idealized, black-and-white world of MPT and into the real world of investing–placing heavy emphasis on the importance of mastering emotions.

Behavioral Investment Management provides a portfolio-management standard for an investing world in disarray.

PART 1- The Current Paradigm: MPT (Modern Portfolio Theory); Chapter 1: Modern Portfolio Theory as it Stands; Chapter 2: Challenges to MPT: Theoretical-the assumptions are not thus; Chapter 3: Challenges to MPT: Empirical-the world is not thus; Chapter 4: Challenges to MPT: Behavioural-people are not thus; Chapter 5: Describing the Overall Framework: Investors and Investments; PART 2- Amending MPT: Getting to BMPT; Chapter 1:Investors-The Rational Investor; Chapter 2: Investments-Extracting Value from the long-term; Chapter 3: Investments-Extracting Value from the short-term; Chapter 4: bringing it together, the new BMPT paradigm; PART 3- Emotional Insurance: Sticking with the Journey; Chapter 1: Investors- the emotional investor; Chapter 2: Investments- Constraining the rational portfolio; PART 4- Practical Implications; Chapter 1: The BMPT and Wealth Management; Chapter 2: The BMPT and the Pension Industry; Chapter 3: The BMPT and Asset Managemen

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Cancer Risk Assessment: Chemical Carcinogenesis, Hazard Evaluation, and Risk Quantification

Cancer Risk Assessment: Chemical Carcinogenesis, Hazard Evaluation, and Risk Quantification

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Outlines & Highlights for Risk Quantification: Management, Diagnosis and Hedging by Laurent Condamin

Outlines & Highlights for Risk Quantification: Management, Diagnosis and Hedging by Laurent Condamin
Never HIGHLIGHT a Book Again!  Virtually all testable terms, concepts, persons, places, and events are included. Cram101 Textbook Outlines gives all of the outlines, highlights, notes for your textbook with optional online practice tests. Only Cram101 Outlines are Textbook Specific. Cram101 is NOT the Textbook. Accompanys: 9780470019078

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An element of uncertainty: Radon and the quantification of risk in 20th-century America, 1945–2000.

In the 20th century’s final decades, expert judgment in the form of quantitative risk assessment became the authoritative mode for understanding and expressing health and technological threats in the United States. By the mid-1980s, indeed, risk assessment had become one of the fundamental bases for public policy and federal regulation. Although the approach was new, controversial, and plagued by uncertainty, risk assessment was applied broadly as a means for giving justifiable, “scientific” answers to difficult political questions raised by modern science and technology. The professionalization of risk assessment in the 1970s and 1980s, which this dissertation places in historical context, was an important signpost for broader shifts in American approaches to risk during the last half of the 20th century. Along with the related fields of risk management and risk communication, formal risk assessment codified an increasingly authoritative expert epistemology based on distanced, statistical calculations. To illustrate these developments, this dissertation analyzes two case studies involving exposures to radon gas, an occupational and residential carcinogen and a hazard that the federal government attempted to manage both before and after the professionalization of risk assessment. These radon crises—the first in uranium mines in the Southwest in the 1950s and 1960s, and the second in suburban homes in the 1980s—are a lens through which the dissertation examines the ongoing tension between an expert epistemology that relied on quantification and a non-expert epistemology based on local knowledge, empirical evidence, and personal experience. These cases illustrate ongoing attempts to construct ideal citizens through risk communication and the media, and they reveal changes and continuities in the American public’s perception of risk during the second half of the 20th century. This dissertation historicizes risk and the discourses around it, showing how regulatory agencies, the media, risk professionals, and private citizens employed narratives about risk to support their own epistemological systems, make claims to power or autonomy, and demarcate a shifting relationship between the government and its citizens.

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The Complexity of Proceduralized Tasks (Springer Series in Reliability Engineering)

The Complexity of Proceduralized Tasks (Springer Series in Reliability Engineering)

“The Complexity of Proceduralized Tasks” deals with the problem of quantifying the complexity of a proceduralized task; in other words, a task written as a procedure.

This book proposes a systematic framework that is able to quantify the complexity of proceduralized tasks. This approach is designed to complement existing methods that have focused mainly on making procedures easier to understand, rather than enhancing their overall performance.

“The Complexity of Proceduralized Tasks” will be a valuable resource for researchers and students who are interested in the provision of effective procedures for the purpose of enhancing the performance of human operators. It discusses a range of complexity factors, with chapters dedicated to such topics as software complexity, emergency tasks, and the TACOM measure.

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